instruct those who are immediately preparing to receive so holy a sacrament (6.8). The third and final question which Augustine treats in his little book is that of faith and works. In the fifth century there were two major errors regarding justification: the Pelagian heresy, which said that justification depended solely on man’s efforts, and the heresy of justification by faith alone,10 which Augustine refutes here in the De fide et operibus (14.21), and which he describes in these words: “This